What covenant was God about to give Israel at Mount Sinai?
At Mount Sinai, God was about to give Israel the covenant of Law, encompassing the Law, priesthood, and sacrificial worship system. This covenant would make them aware of God's holiness and sovereignty and prepare them for a future role amid surrounding pagan idolatry.
Les explains that at Mount Sinai, God was doing something that had never happened before: He told Israel He would give them the Law, the priesthood, and the whole system of sacrificial worship. The purpose was to make them aware of God's holiness, His sovereignty, and that He was preparing them for a future role amid the pagan idolatry that surrounded them. Les notes the whole world was steeped in idolatry except for Abraham's offspring. In Exodus 19, Moses was on the mountain talking with God, and God said if they would obey His voice and keep His covenant—the covenant of Law He was about to give—they would be a peculiar treasure unto Him above all people. This lifted Israel out of the mainstream of humanity into covenant relationship as God's favored, chosen people.
Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed, and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine:
What did God promise Israel in Exodus 19 if they obeyed His voice and kept His covenant?
God promised that if Israel obeyed His voice and kept His covenant, they would be a peculiar treasure unto Him above all people. This covenant relationship would lift them out of humanity's mainstream and make them His favored, chosen people.
What conditional promise did God make to Israel in Exodus 19:5?
In Exodus 19:5 God promised Israel that if they would obey His voice indeed and keep His covenant, then they would be a peculiar or particular treasure unto Him above all people. The promise was conditional, preserving human free will, and God affirmed His sovereignty, saying all the earth is His.