Had Paul made any impact on the Jewish people by Acts 27?
No. By Acts 27, Paul had not succeeded in making any dents in the hard armor of the Jewish people. Israel continued to reject her Messiah, and their rejection and fall became the reason salvation went to the Gentiles, as Romans chapter 11 explains.
Les explains that these final chapters of Acts show Paul going to Jerusalem despite many warnings, which raises the discussion of whether he was being pig-headed or whether this was everything God intended. Les sees Paul reaching Jerusalem because that was where he had to make his final move to the nation of Israel. Israel had to make their final decree: they did not want anything to do with him or his message. Paul then appeals to the Roman authorities, and they come to his rescue. By Acts chapter 27, Israel continues to reject her Messiah, and Paul has not succeeded in making any dents in the hard armor of the Jewish people. Because of their rejection and fall, salvation goes to the Gentile.