Where in the New Testament does the same question that was asked to Moses appear in connection with Jesus?
In Acts chapter 7, the same question asked to Moses appears in connection with Jesus. When Jesus presented Himself as Israel's king, they asked, 'Who made you a ruler over us?' and told Roman authorities, 'We have no king but Caesar.' This rejection mirrors Israel's rejection of Moses.
Les explains that Moses, after killing the Egyptian and hiding him in the sand, went out the next day and saw two Hebrews fighting. He asked the wrongdoer, 'Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?' The man retorted, 'Who made thee a prince and a judge over us?' Les says this should ring a bell because the same statement appears in the New Testament when Jesus presented Himself as Israel's king. Israel asked, 'Who made you a ruler over us?' and when Roman authorities asked if He was their king, they answered, 'We have no king but Caesar.' Les notes this lays the groundwork, showing they rejected Moses just as they rejected Jesus, and he points back to Acts chapter 7.
And when he went out the second day, behold, two men of the Hebrews strove together: and he said to him that did the wrong, Wherefore smitest thou thy fellow?