What changed for Jewish believers who came out of the law and the covenant promises when Messiah came?
Nothing changed for Jewish believers from that background except that their Messiah had appeared. He presented Himself to Israel as King, Redeemer, and Messiah. The nation largely rejected Him at His first advent, though several thousand believed. Later, after Saul’s conversion and the turn to Gentiles, the law/grace change began.
Les explains that the one in view came out of that Jewish background, still under the covenant promises and under the law. At Messiah’s first advent, nothing had changed except that Israel’s Messiah made His appearance and presented Himself as King, Redeemer, and Messiah. For the most part, the nation rejected Him, and they crucified Him. In Acts, Peter appealed to Israel over and over to repent for crucifying their Messiah, but Israel went on in unbelief. Then in Acts 9 God saved Saul of Tarsus and announced that He would send him far hence to the Gentiles. That is when everything began to change, leading to Romans chapter 6: not under law but under grace. Judaizers from Jerusalem then undermined the Gentile converts, insisting they keep the Law of Moses and be circumcised, and the Galatians were falling to that.