How is the whole system of law in Exodus broken down?
The whole system of law in Exodus is broken down into the moral law, which is the Ten Commandments, and the civil law, which provides regulations for everyday disputes, such as when a bull tramples another person's grain, requiring a system of compensation.
Les teaches that God gave not only the Ten Commandments but the whole system of law because man, even Israel, would soon break it. He breaks that system down into the moral law, which is the Ten Commandments, and the civil law. The civil law dealt with practical matters of justice, such as when a bull got out and trampled down someone else's grain—there had to be a system to make compensation. If someone did someone wrong, that was all part of the civil law.