Who were the people in Peter's audience at Pentecost?
Peter addressed Jews from every end of the then-known world who had gathered for the Feast of Pentecost. They were men of Israel, Jews only, not pagan Gentiles. The setting was Pentecost, and the audience was confined to Israel, not the whole world.
Les explains that Peter's audience was a great crowd of Jews from every end of the then-known world, congregated for the Feast of Pentecost. He points out that Peter did not address pagan Gentiles; he was talking to men of Israel, Jews and Jews only. Les emphasizes that this "Jew only" term comes from the Book, not from him. He also notes that the same wording used in Joel appears under totally different circumstances—one under grace, the other under the Kingdom economy—so the setting must not be glossed over.