What does the parable of the vineyard owner mean?
The parable means God dealing with Israel. The owner sent servants, but the vineyard keepers killed them; finally he sent his son, and they killed him too. This pictures God sending prophets to Israel, who killed them, then sending His Son, whom they killed.
Les explains that the parable is about God dealing with Israel. A husbandman prepared a vineyard, went to a far country, and sent servants to check on it; the keepers killed them. He sent another and then his son, and they killed him too. Les ties this to Israel: God sent the prophets, and Israel killed them; finally God sent His Son, and they killed Him. The broader passage says Israel mocked God's messengers, despised His words, and misused His prophets until the Lord's wrath arose with no remedy, no hope. Therefore God brought the Chaldeans/Babylonians under Nebuchadnezzar against them, showing judgment.