Who is the one who turns against the Jews after previously allowing their temple worship?
The supplied excerpt does not identify him by name; it describes him only as the ruler who earlier gave the Jews permission for temple worship and was benevolent to them, but then turned his hatred against them. The text calls him 'he' and contrasts his earlier permission with his later persecution.
Les explains that this individual had earlier given permission for the temple worship and had been more or less benevolent to the Jews, but then he turns on them and pours out his hatred. The passage does not name him in the supplied unit. The rest of the context describes the woman, the escaping remnant of Jews, being given two wings of a great eagle to fly into the wilderness, into her place, a designated place by a sovereign God, where she is nourished for a time, times, and half a time—three and a half years—from the face of the serpent. Les connects this to Exodus, where Israel was isolated in Goshen from the plagues, showing that God will providentially protect this remnant while the tribulation ravages the world around them.
And when the dragon saw that he was cast unto the earth, he persecuted the woman which brought forth the man child.