Who among the Israelites did not provoke God in the wilderness?
Not all who came out of Egypt by Moses provoked God. A remnant remained faithful, specifically Joshua and Caleb, along with a few others. While the majority sinned in unbelief and fell in the wilderness, these did not provoke Him. The contrast is with those whose carcasses fell because they did not believe.
Les explains that the warning drawn from Israel's wilderness experience centers on the evil heart of unbelief, not only gross sins such as drunkenness or adultery. He notes that some who heard did provoke God, but not all who came out of Egypt by Moses did so. There was again a remnant—Joshua, Caleb, and a few others—who did not provoke Him. The others were grieved for forty years because they sinned in unbelief, did not believe they could take Canaan, and their carcasses fell in the wilderness. God swore they would not enter His rest because they believed not.
For some, when they had heard, did provoke: howbeit not all that came out of Egypt by Moses.