Did the disciples understand Jesus when He predicted His death and resurrection in Luke 18?
No. When Jesus predicted His death and resurrection in Luke 18, the disciples did not comprehend it. The context states that even when He told them He would be put to death and rise from the dead, they failed to grasp what He meant.
Les explains that the Old Testament foretold the coming crucifixion and the death, burial, and resurrection of Christ, but it did so in such subdued and latent language that nobody understood it. That same lack of comprehension marked the disciples: when Jesus told them in Luke 18 that He would be crucified, put to death, and rise from the dead, they still did not comprehend it. The prediction was given, yet they did not understand its meaning.