What were the ten northern tribes called, and which tribes were not part of them?
The ten northern tribes were commonly called Israel, or the northern kingdom. They consisted of the tribes other than Judah and Benjamin, which were not part of them. After Rehoboam refused to lower taxes, these ten tribes seceded and made Jeroboam their king.
Les explains that under Solomon the people were taxed heavily. When Rehoboam, Solomon's son, refused to lower taxes and instead said to tax them more, the ten tribes of the north seceded. They said they would have their own king, Jeroboam, who was not from the kingly or royal family line. These ten tribes are normally referred to as Israel or the northern kingdom. Judah and Benjamin were the two tribes not part of the ten; Rehoboam reigned in Jerusalem, where the temple was.