What does it mean to be 'after the Spirit' according to Galatians 5:5?
To be 'after the Spirit' means to be under the control of the Holy Spirit. Such a person is more concerned with the things of the Spirit, not the things of the flesh. This is contrasted with those after the flesh, who live in the realm of old Adam and mind fleshly things.
Les explains that in Galatians 5:5, 'after the Spirit' is another way of saying a person is under the control of the Holy Spirit. By contrast, those 'after the flesh' are still living in the realm of old Adam; they know nothing of God's saving grace and mind the things of the flesh. The grand majority of the world's population is occupied with gratifying the flesh, even if done with pomp and circumstance or in high echelons of society. But the person after the Spirit is concerned with the things of the Spirit. Les illustrates this from his travels with Iris: when they are invited to spend the night or have dinner, the conversation does not center on the weather, sports, or politics; the minute they sit down, it is in the book. These people have only one thing on their mind, the things of the Spirit. That is not the natural person, who will talk about anything but the things of the Spirit. Les also connects this to being led of the Spirit in Galatians 5:18: if you are led of the Spirit, you are not under the law. Under grace and under the working and power of the Pneuma Hagion, the power from on high, the believer does not have to force himself to be a law keeper; the Spirit runs the race for us.
For we through the Spirit wait for the hope of righteousness by faith.