Were the Jews in the Old Testament ever told they were justified by faith alone and bought with a price?
No. The Old Testament Jews were not told they were justified by faith alone or bought with a price. Scripture indicates such truths were new revelations given after the cross and resurrection, communicated through Paul to Gentiles. Abraham is noted as an exception, but Israel was not taught these things in the Old Testament.
Les explains that these are new revelations that you will not find until you get to Paul. They are not taught in the Old Testament. The Old Testament believer was not told, for example, that the Spirit dwelleth within him, nor were the Jews told they were justified by faith and faith alone and had been bought with a price. Abraham is the exception, but all of this had to come after the cross and the resurrection were completed. Paul communicated this Gospel line upon line, precept upon precept, the Gospel he preached among the Gentiles. The Holy Spirit prompted the word "that" to signify the difference between Paul's Gospel and what Peter, Jesus, and the eleven had been teaching to Israel. Jesus and the twelve operated under the Gospel of the Kingdom, which was that the King is here and ready to set up the Kingdom offered to Israel since Abraham. But the Gospel of Grace is that this same Messiah of Israel who was crucified, shed His blood, was buried, and rose from the dead is the Savior not just of Israel but of the whole human race.