What is the conclusion of Romans 3:9-23 about who has sinned?
The conclusion is that every person—Jew and Gentile, black and white, rich and poor—has sinned. Paul says all have disobeyed the revealed will of God, so all are guilty. Romans 3:9-23 therefore declares that all have sinned; no group is exempt, and consequently all have died spiritually.
Les explains that Romans 3 gives a horrible description of the human race, and its conclusion is wrapped up in Romans 3:23. The conclusion is that all Jews and Gentiles, black and white, rich and poor, have all sinned. Les defines sin simply as anyone who has disobeyed the revealed will of God, not just the adulterer or drunkard. Paul says all have done that; every one is guilty of going against God's revealed will. Thus in Romans 3:9-23 all have sinned, and consequently all have died spiritually, though they will also die physically.
For all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God;
What then? are we better than they? No, in no wise: for we have before proved both Jews and Gentiles, that they are all under sin;
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What does Romans 3:23 say about all people?
According to Romans 3:23, every person ever born into the human race has sinned and come short of the glory of God.