Did Jesus ever call believers His body, or is the term 'body of Christ' used only by Paul?
Jesus never referred to the group of believers as His body. The term 'body of Christ' is strictly a Pauline term and Pauline doctrine; Paul uses it to describe believers as members of Christ's body, as in 1 Corinthians 12.
Les explains that Ephesians 5 uses the analogy of Christ and the church as husband and wife, with Christ as the head of the church and the Savior of the body—the body of Christ. He then points to 1 Corinthians 12, where Paul describes the human body as one with many members and says, “so also is Christ.” Les emphasizes that this is a Pauline term: Jesus never referred to the group of believers as His body. By one Spirit every believer—not just the most spiritual or holy—is baptized into the body of Christ, a spiritual reality human hands cannot touch.